<p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, Arial; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;DNA指纹指具有完全个体特异的</span>DNA多态性<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">，其</span>个体<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">识别能力足以与手指</span>指纹<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">相媲美，因而得名。可用来进行</span>个人识别<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">及</span>亲子鉴定<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">，同人体核DNA的</span>酶切<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">片段杂交，获得了由多个位点上的</span>等位基因<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">组成的长度不等的杂交带图纹，这种图纹极少有两个人完全相同，故称为&quot;DNA指纹&quot;。</span></span></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, Arial; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br/></span></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, Arial; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></span></p><h2 class="title-text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px 0px 18px; font-size: 22px; line-height: 24px; font-weight: 400; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, SimHei, Verdana; white-space: normal;">技术原理：</h2><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, Arial; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">DNA</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">指纹</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">的图像在X光胶片中呈一系列条纹，很像商品上的条形码。各种分析方法均以</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">DNA的多态性</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">为基础，产生具有高度个体特异性的DNA</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">指纹图谱</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">，由于DNA指纹图谱具有高度的</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">变异性</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">和稳定的遗传性，且仍按简单的</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">孟德尔</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">方式遗传，成为最具吸引力的</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">遗传标记</span><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 2em;">。</span></p><p style="font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-bottom: 15px; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 24px; zoom: 1; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px;">DNA指纹图谱，开创了检测DNA多态性（生物的不同个体或不同种群在DNA结构上存在着差异）的多种多样的手段，如RFLP（限制性内切酶酶切片段长度多态性）分析、串联重复序列分析、RAPD（随机扩增多态性DNA）分析等等。</span></p><p style="font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-bottom: 15px; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 24px; zoom: 1; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px;"><br/></span></p><p style="font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-bottom: 15px; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 24px; zoom: 1; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px;"></span></p><h2 class="title-text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px 0px 18px; font-size: 22px; line-height: 24px; font-weight: 400; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, SimHei, Verdana; white-space: normal;">主要特点：</h2><div class="para" style="font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-bottom: 15px; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 24px; zoom: 1; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px;">1．高度的特异性：研究表明，两个随机个体具有相同DNA图形的概率仅3×10^-11；如果同时用两种探针进行比较，两个个体完全相同的概率小于5×10^-19。全世界人口约50亿，即5×10^-9。因此，除非是</span><a target="_blank" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%90%8C%E5%8D%B5%E5%8F%8C%E7%94%9F?fromModule=lemma_inlink" style="color: rgb(19, 110, 194); text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-size: 18px;">同卵双生</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px;">子女，否则几乎不可能有两个人的DNA</span><a target="_blank" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%8C%87%E7%BA%B9?fromModule=lemma_inlink" style="color: rgb(19, 110, 194); text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-size: 18px;">指纹</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px;">的图形完全相同。</span></div><div class="para" style="font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-bottom: 15px; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 24px; zoom: 1; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px;">2．稳定的遗传性：DNA是人的</span><a target="_blank" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8?fromModule=lemma_inlink" style="color: rgb(19, 110, 194); text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-size: 18px;">遗传物质</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px;">，其特征是由父母遗传的。分析发现，DNA</span><a target="_blank" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%8C%87%E7%BA%B9%E5%9B%BE%E8%B0%B1?fromModule=lemma_inlink" style="color: rgb(19, 110, 194); text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-size: 18px;">指纹图谱</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px;">中几乎每一条带纹都能在其双亲之一的图谱中找到，这种带纹符合经典的</span><a target="_blank" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%AD%9F%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E8%A7%84%E5%BE%8B?fromModule=lemma_inlink" style="color: rgb(19, 110, 194); text-decoration: underline; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-size: 18px;">孟德尔遗传规律</span></a><span style="font-size: 18px;">，即双方的特征平均传递50%给子代。</span></div><p style="font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-bottom: 15px; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 24px; zoom: 1; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px;">3．体细胞稳定性：即同一个人的不同组织如血液、肌肉、毛发、精液等产生的DNA指纹图形完全一致。</span></p><p style="font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-bottom: 15px; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 24px; zoom: 1; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px;"><br/></span></p><p style="font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-bottom: 15px; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 24px; zoom: 1; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px;"><br/></span><br/></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, Arial; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 18px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; text-indent: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br/></span><br/></p><p><br/></p>